GHK-Cu

About the substance

GHK-Cu consists of glycine, histidine and lysine bound to copper. The letters GHK identify the three amino acids, while Cu is the chemical symbol for copper. Copper-bound GHK-Cu should be distinguished from GHK without bound copper.

How it works

Its biological interest includes the extracellular matrix: the network surrounding cells that helps give tissue its structure. Fibroblasts produce and remodel components of this network. This is why collagen-related cellular measurements feature in studies of GHK-Cu.

What studies have examined

Maquart and colleagues reported increased collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts. A separate cell study by Siméon and colleagues examined changes in the matrix-remodelling enzyme MMP-2. Together, these publications concern cellular processes rather than a demonstrated cosmetic result from a pen.

How to interpret the findings

Results from isolated cells cannot establish wrinkle reduction, hair growth or improved skin appearance in people. Similarly, a topical cosmetic and a ready-mixed pen are different formulations; evidence about one cannot be assumed to validate the other.

Product specifications

• Format: Ready-mixed peptide pen
• Stated total quantity: 50 mg

The product is listed with a total of 50 mg. This is a quantity statement, not a percentage concentration or an indication of how much copper is present separately. Consult the batch specification for the exact analytical basis.

Documentation and handling

For details about identity, content and the available certificate, contact info@nordicpept.com and specify the product and batch. Follow the storage and handling instructions supplied with the actual product. A publication about an ingredient is not a certificate for a finished pen.

Selected studies

• Maquart et al., 1988
• Siméon et al., 2000